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centos挂载硬盘，Ubuntu挂载硬盘通用。

1.查看磁盘信息： fdisk -l

root@Block-Data001:/# fdisk -l Disk /dev/vda: 40 GiB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x77ba45a4 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/vda1 * 2048 83884031 83881984 40G 83 Linux Disk /dev/vdb: 500 GiB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

找到我们准备挂载的500G的硬盘的名字：/dev/vdb

2.创建硬盘分区： 

root@Block-Data001:/# fdisk /dev/vdb # 进入磁盘 Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.27.1). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Device does not contain a recognized partition table. Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x2bb51603. Command (m for help): m # 查看帮助 Help: DOS (MBR) a toggle a bootable flag b edit nested BSD disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag Generic d delete a partition F list free unpartitioned space l list known partition types n add a new partition p print the partition table t change a partition type v verify the partition table i print information about a partition Misc m print this menu u change display/entry units x extra functionality (experts only) Script I load disk layout from sfdisk script file O dump disk layout to sfdisk script file Save & Exit w write table to disk and exit q quit without saving changes Create a new label g create a new empty GPT partition table G create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table o create a new empty DOS partition table s create a new empty Sun partition table Command (m for help): p # 查看磁盘信息 Disk /dev/vdb: 500 GiB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x2bb51603 Command (m for help): n # 创建新的分区 Partition type p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended (container for logical partitions) Select (default p): # 直接回车 Using default response p. Partition number (1-4, default 1):# 直接回车 First sector (2048-1048575999, default 2048):# 直接回车 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-1048575999, default 1048575999):# 直接回车 Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 500 GiB. Command (m for help): p # 查看磁盘信息 Disk /dev/vdb: 500 GiB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x2bb51603 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/vdb1 2048 1048575999 1048573952 500G 83 Linux Command (m for help): w # 保存结果 The partition table has been altered. Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.

3.再次查看磁盘信息：fdisk -l

root@Block-Data001:/# fdisk -l Disk /dev/vda: 40 GiB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x77ba45a4 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/vda1 * 2048 83884031 83881984 40G 83 Linux Disk /dev/vdb: 500 GiB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0x2bb51603 Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/vdb1 2048 1048575999 1048573952 500G 83 Linux

4.格式化新分区：mkfs.ext3 /dev/vdb1

root@Block-Data001:/# mkfs.ext3 /dev/vdb1 mke2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015) Creating filesystem with 131071744 4k blocks and 32768000 inodes Filesystem UUID: e947b3c8-a525-410b-b8af-055e29c821a6 Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 102400000 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

5.格式化完毕后，挂载分区

5.1.创建被挂载的路径，我挂载到/data:

mkdir /data/

5.2.进行挂载：

mount /dev/vdb1 /data/

5.3.查看挂载结果：df -lh

root@Block-Data001:/# df -lh Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.6G 3.2M 1.6G 1% /run /dev/vda1 40G 2.7G 35G 7% / tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /run/user/0 /dev/vdb1 493G 70M 467G 1% /data

6.设置开机自动挂载：

编辑/etc/fstab文件，再最后面添加（复制过去就好，第一个第二个参数改成自己的）：

/dev/vdb1 /data ext3 defaults 0 0

7.重启机器：reboot

8.重启后查看挂载结果，依然存在，至此，挂载完成：

root@Block-Data001:~# df -lh Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.6G 3.2M 1.6G 1% /run /dev/vda1 40G 2.6G 35G 7% / tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock tmpfs 7.9G 0 7.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/vdb1 493G 70M 467G 1% /data tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% /run/user/0